Nyuma yindangamuntu koranabuhanga BNR nayo yarangije igerageza rya mbere ku ikoreshwa ry’ifaranga koranabuhanga.
Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yatangaje ko yarangije igerageza rito ryitwa “Proof of Concept” ryakozwe ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Ifaranga-Koranabuhanga rya Banki Nkuru (Central Bank Digital Currency - CBDC), ryiswe e-Franc Rwandais (e-FRW).
Iri gerageza ni intambwe ikomeye mu rugendo u Rwanda rurimo rwo kubaka urwego rw’imari rutajegajega, rudaheza kandi rukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.
Igerageza ryakozwe ku bufatanye n’amabanki, abatanga serivisi zo kwishyurana, ibigo bizobereye mu ikoranabuhanga ryo guhanga udushya mu rwego rw’imari n’inzego za leta zitandukanye.
Itangazo rya BNR rivuga ko iryo gerageza ryamaze amezi atanu kuva muri Gicurasi kugera mu Ukwakira 2025.
Riti “Iki cyiciro cy’igerageza rito cyerekana intambwe ikomeye mu rugendo u Rwanda rurimo rwo kubaka urwego rw’ imari rukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, rutajegajega kandi rugerwaho naburi wese.
Ryagaragaje ko e-FRW ry’u Rwanda rishobora gufasha mu kwishyura mu buryo bwihuse kandi bwizewe, guteza imbere udushya mu rwego rw’imari, no kongerera imbaraga gahunda y’igihugu yo guteza imbere ubukungu budakoresha amafaranga yo mu ntoki n’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga.
”BNR yahamije ko igerageza ryavuyemo ibitekerezo bifatika ku byerekeye ikoranabuhanga ryakwifashishwa mu gukora e-Frw, uko abarikoresha babona serivisi, imicungire y’ibibazo bishobora kuvuka mu kurikora no kurikoresha, ndetse n’ibyakwibandwaho mu mategeko n’amabwiriza yarigenga. Inyandiko irambuye kubiyemo ibyavuye mu igerageza iri ku rubuga rwa BNR.
Mu bihe biri imbere hazakurikiraho igerageza ryagutse rizamara amezi 12. Iri gerageza rizaba rigizwe no kugeragereza ku matsinda y’abaturarwanda banyuranye bo mu mujyi wa Kigali, imwe mu mijyi yunganira Kigali ndetse no mu bice byatoranyijwe byo mu cyaro.
Harimo kandi gushyira imbere gahunda yo kugeza servisi z’imari kuri bose hifashishijwe uburyo bworoshye nka USSD n’ibikoresho bidahenda.Hazanibandwa ku bikorwa byo mu buzima busanzwe ku bufatanye n’abacuruzi n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa mu buryo bugenzuwe.
Hazabaho ubufatanye n’inzego zo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, harimo no kureba uburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga itandukanye (interoperability) no kugerageza ihererekanya ry’amafaranga ryambukiranya imipaka.
Iri gerageza rizakorwa hashingiwe ku ngamba zikomeye zo kurinda umutekano w’amakuru, ubudahangarwa bw’imiyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga ndetse no gukorana bya hafi n’ibigo by’imari n’inzego za leta ni ngombwa gushimangira ko nta mwanzuro urafatwa ku bijyanye no gukora no gutanga e-FRW.NR iti “Umwanzuro uwo ari wo wose uzashingira ku bizava mu igerageza ryagutse. Ibitekerezo by’abafatanyabikorwa, n’isesengura ry’amategeko n’amabwiriza.”
Umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere ry’imari n’udushya muri BNR, Cyuzuzo Ingrid, aherutse kuvuga ko mu gihe CBDC yaba itangiye gukoreshwa imbere mu gihugu izaba ifite agaciro-faranga nk’ak’amafaranga asanzwe akoreshwa imbere mu gihugu kandi bigatanga amahitamo menshi ku buryo bwo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.
Ati “Abantu bari ahantu mu cyaro bagorwa no kubona amashanyarazi, bagorwa no kubona internet, Mobile Money ibageraho ku kihe kigero? Ikindi ni aho Mobile Money igarukira, hari ibikorwa utakoresha Mobile Money bitewe n’ingano y’amafaranga, bitewe n’aho ajya, nko kwambukiranya imipaka nubwo biri gutera imbere aho ni ho twe nk’igihugu kiri imbere muri Mobile Money tureba tukavuga tuti haramutse haje CBDC ni he yongera imikorere myiza n’imyishyuranire hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga."
CBDC ni ifaranga koranabuhanga ritangwa na banki nkuru z’ibihugu, rigakora kimwe nk’amafaranga asanzwe afatika nk’inoti n’ibiceri, icyakora ryo rikaba ryakora ahatari internet n’ibindi.
BNR igaragaza ko CBDC ari agashya gatuma hari n’abandi benshi bashobora kugana isoko ry’u Rwanda bagatangiza uburyo bunyuranye bwo kwishyurana hakore ikoranabuhanga, bikazanoroshya ibikorwa byo kohererezanya amafaranga mu bice bitandukanye by’Isi.
Magingo aya ibihugu nka Bahamas, Jamaica na Nigeria byamaze kwemeza ikoreshwa ry’ifaranga koranabuhanga rizwi nka CBDC.
Ibindi 130 biri mu nzira zo kuryubaka, kurigerageza ku bantu bake n’ibindi biganisha ku kwemeza ko ryakoreshwa mu bucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu na mpuzamahanga nk’andi mafaranga yose.
